VG 84543-3:2016-12

The standardization of towing equipment was started by Normenstelle Marine (NM), today DIN Shipbuilding and Marine Technology Standards Committee (NSMT), in 1975. In July 1980, this work led to the publication of corresponding standards for towing equipment - with regard to assembly, requirements and use. The result was VG 84543 as a prestandard. The application of the document had proven itself in practice. Due to the development towards ever larger ship units, further and also additional nominal sizes for towing equipment inevitably had to be standardized. The materials used also changed. Whereas at that time mainly anchor chains of grade K2 were used, today grades K3 and K4 are used; that is, lower material weights with the same and/or higher strengths of the anchor chain and the towing equipment respectively. With the extension and conversion of the grades, corresponding calculation bases also had to be prepared, because the assignment of the nominal size was largely retained. This Part 3 of VG 84543 has been prepared in order to have a historical overview for the further development of towing equipment/anchoring equipment in the future. In preparing the present standard the considerations made at the time were reproduced as far as possible using the historical documents, some of which are still available, and translated into mathematical calculation equations. In addition, more recent developments and findings in the field of materials were taken into consideration. The document also referred to (historical) documents that had already been withdrawn. These are still available from DIN Media. This standard has been prepared at DIN Standards Committee Shipbuilding and Marine Technology (NSMT), Working Committee NA 132-01-05 AA "Heben, Schleppen, Ankern" ("Heaving, towing, anchoring").